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What's a spacewalk? Any time an astronaut gets out of a spacecraft while in space, it is called a spacewalk. Astronauts go on spacewalks for many reasons. For example, experiments can be placed on the outside of a spacecraft. This lets scientists learn how being in space affects different things. By going on spacewalks, astronauts can also fix certain things instead of bringing them back to the earth to fix.

When astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe. Inside spacesuits, astronauts have the oxygen they need to breathe and the water they need to drink. To keep the astronauts and the spacecraft safe, the astronauts must leave and go back to the spacecraft through a special door. When on a spacewalk, astronauts use safety tethers to stay close to their spacecraft, which connect the spacewalkers with the spacecraft. They keep astronauts from floating away into space. Another way astronauts stay safe during spacewalks is by wearing a SAFER. SAFER is worn like a backpack. It helps an astronaut move around in space.

How do astronauts train for spacewalks?  One way is by going for a swim. Floating in space is a lot like floating in water. Astronauts practice spacewalks underwater in a huge special swimming pool. For every one hour they will spend on a spacewalk, astronauts need to train seven hours in the pool. Another way astronauts practice for a spacewalk is by using virtual reality(虚拟现实). It looks and feels just like a spacewalk.

Today, only three countries have finished spacewalks independently. They are Russia, the United States and China. The first person to go on a spacewalk in the world was Alexei Leonov from Russia. Zhai Zhigang is the first Chinese astronaut to go on a spacewalk. The world record of spacewalks is held by Russian astronaut Anatoly Solovyev. He has been on 16 spacewalks and spent more than 82 hours outside in space.

1. 根据短文内容，短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A New Trend of Micro Museums

Is Making Science Portable

Science museums are amazing. You can see large dinosaur bones from the huge creatures that disappeared thousands of years ago or take a look at cells under a microscope. .

You can learn so much at a science museum if living close enough to one. However, for those who don't live in a city, getting a chance to visit science museums is not easy. ", their influence is limited. There just aren't enough science museums," said Charles Philipp. "And due to the high costs, it's unlikely that we'll be seeing a bunch of new traditional science museums popping up all over the country anytime soon."

Philipp and his partner Amanda Schochet have decided to reinvent science museums by getting them small. They founded MICRO, a nonprofit organization that builds tiny 6-foot-tall science museums, which are portable and replicable (可复制的). . They can get access to it for free in such places as waiting rooms of hospitals, libraries, airports, and even shopping malls.

, they made it with the help of a team of engineers, storytellers, and designers. Each of the micro museums has a scientific topic. The first museum is the Smallest Mollusk (软体动物) Museum showing the world of mollusks, which has won great popularity as the only museum devoted just to mollusks. A second museum is the Perpetual Motion Museum that focuses on physics and engineering and will officially open next year. It asks why things move, and why they stop. Hopefully one will come to a neighborhood near you soon.

A. Science museums are beneficial B. While the content is vitally important C. Although it costs nothing to visit museums D. The plan is to get people of all ages connected with science E. Even though making the tiny museums a reality was difficult F. Such new museums allow people to explore fun scientific topics G. You can also learn to think like an engineer by building a model ship

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Photographic self-portraits have existed for as long as cameras have been in human hands. But what about selfies in space? On Twitter last year, NASA astronaut Edwin Aldrin, who famously became the second man to walk on the moon in July 1969, laid claim to a spaceflight first: taking the first selfie in space during the Gemini XII mission in 1966.

"For me, it needs to be digital to be selfie, " argues Jennifer Levasseur, a director at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. According to Levasseur, the concept of a selfie is directly linked to internet culture. "The thing that makes a selfie is sharing it," she says.

Still, astronauts have been carrying cameras aboard space vehicles since the 1960s. In 1966, Aldrin used a Hasselblad camera designed specifically for space. Hasselblad also painted the first camera in space a matte(不光亮的)black to reduce reflections in the orbiter window. But cameras used in space need to survive extreme conditions, like temperature swings from -149 F to 248 F, so Hasselblad painted later model silver.

Astronauts visiting the moon then had to take out the film and leave their camera bodies behind when they returned to Earth, because early space missions were limited by a weight limit on the returned trip. Then a big change in space camera technology came after the space shuttle Columbia broke apart on its return to Earth in 2003, Levasseur notes. "Fear that they'd never be able to bring film back from space and lose all that hard work accelerated the push for digital," she says.

Today, astronauts also have access to internet and social platforms in space and can post true space selfies made using digital cameras. Similarly, space robots are participating in selfie culture, capturing remote pictures of themselves in space or on other planets and sending them back to Earth.

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Study Abroad

Every year, thousands of students choose to study abroad for the summer, six months, a year or longer. Here are some things you need to know before you make such a decision.

Why do it?

Living in another country will help you learn about the culture of another land. You will see the world in a new way. Many companies today want employees who speak a second language or who have experienced living or working in another country.

Making the right choice.

To choose the right country or school, ask yourself these questions： Do I want to live with a host family(寄宿家庭)，with roommates, or alone? How much do I want to pay?

Get your passport and visa(签证)early! Before you go，learn as much of the language as you can，and read about the customs of your host country. Also，talk with people who have experienced studying abroad. Call the school to make sure someone can meet you when you get there.

Once you are there.

After the first few weeks it's usual to feel a little homesick. Just be open to meeting new people and having new experiences. Remember that it takes time to get used to a new place with new customs. Talk to your new friends and write about your feelings.
 

A. Getting ready to go. B. Improving your language skills. C. You'll miss your family and friends. D. How long do I want to study abroad? E. Make a phone call to the "study abroad" office. F. Always keep an open mind and you will succeed. G. Studying abroad is also excellent training for the working world.

1. 阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The stage lights dimmed, and I took a quick look from behind the heavy black curtains into the audience. Blinded by the lights, I quickly1. It seems that a great number of eyes were looking at me. I took a deep2as the music of my dance began to play. I entered the stage and began my3, the graduation test of the classical Indian dance. After a decade of learning this art form, I had4been considered ready to take on the most difficult act. The test is the most important event in a dancer's life as it pays5to all the factors in one's life that 6the dance form: one's culture and family.

The performance is undertaken only by the most7and determined students. It is a difficult process that requires much8. For more than six months, I spent two to three hours every day9these dances. Many times, I10myself to my physical and mental breaking point, but still I would not stop. I could not give up. There was always so much more to do and so much more to11.

I12a lot about myself in those tiring hours. I learned that I was far too13to give up, and I was too proud to prove myself14after I had set an unrealistic goal. Even with physical pain and mental15, I forced myself to meet my expectation. Fortunately I made it.

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A ship that sank off the coast of California decades ago was recently reconstructed in detail. The 3D digital model even included hundreds of sponges (海绵动物) that have gathered on the ship's surface since it sank.

Named American Heritage, the supply ship sank in Santa Monica Bay on May 4, 1995, and for decades its exact location was unknown. Researchers with the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) spotted a strange shape in that area in 2008. But it wasn't until May 2018 that MBARI scientists identified its exact location and mapped the site in detail, showing what appeared to be a shipwreck (失事船只).

Even then, the identity of the shipwreck was uncertain. Yet another MBARI team revisited the location to do further exploration. They sent remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) and took photos of the damaged ship. Though it was covered with deep-sea sponges and other animals, the scientists were able to spot letters spelling out its name, confirming that the shipwreck was American Heritage.

As one of the MBARI scientists who found American Heritage, chief ROV pilot Knute Brekke had worked on the ship before. And he was on duty with the diving company American Pacific Marine — the owner of American Heritage — that night the ship began taking in water and eventually sank.

MBARI spokesperson Kim Fulton-Bennett said to Live Science about the discovery, "The model is not complete, as floating ropes and poor visibility kept the pilots from getting too close to the wreck. But the 3D reconstruction is detailed enough to show that American Heritage is now home to thousands of sponges. Shipwrecks often turn into the shelter for diverse communities of ocean life. "

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A DREAM, for me, is like a torch to light up my insipid (平淡的) life and a pair of wings to fly me into the sky. The uncertainty of my future and the heavy burden of schoolwork had driven me into a negative situation and not until I had a dream did I get out there. I decided to become a hostess.

It was last summer. I went to Jinan, which is famous for its natural springs, and started to learn broadcast hosting. However, I found that it was not easy.

The weather was bad. It was too hot to stay calm, which made me homesick. I called my parents at least five times a day. But as I tried my best to adapt to the weather and living conditions there, I became more independent.

Another thing bothered me, too. My teacher criticised all my mistakes. Grievance (委屈) and exhaustion often reduced me to tears and sweat flowed down my checks. To get her recognition, I practised my voice skills in a park every day, even on rainy days. You can't imagine how happy I was when she praised me for the first time.

My dream enabled me to change a lot. Without my dream, I wouldn't have had the courage and the confidence to host the New Year party at our school. On stage, I knew that it was a good beginning to my hosting dream.

I took the arts examination in the winter. To my delight, I did well. And I was more than excited when I received the offers from Shandong Normal University, Yunnan Normal University and Yunnan Art Institute.

My dream has powered so much energy in me that my life has become colourful every day. So, however hard it will be to stick to my dream, no way will I give it up!

1. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.

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Unlike modern animal scientists, dinosaur scientists cannot sit on a hillside and use telescopes to watch dinosaurs in order to know how they lived and whether they were good parents. Instead, they have to search hard for information from dinosaur fossils(恐龙化石)because dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.

It's very difficult for the scientists to reach an agreement because different results can be got from the same fossils. Many fossils of the same kind of dinosaurs have been dug out from one place. They might have formed when an entire group of dinosaurs got stuck(陷入)all at once, or they might have been the result of dinosaurs getting stuck one after another over a course of a few centuries. Thus we can say that dinosaurs might have in the first case lived in big groups and in the second lived alone.

Though there are two different results, dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups. "That's pretty much settled at this point, "says Paul Sereno. A kind of dinosaurs called Sauropods left behind tracks in the western United States that appear to run north and south, suggesting that they even moved long distances together.

As to whether dinosaurs cared for their young, dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs—birds and crocodiles—for possible models. Birds give a lot of care to their young, while crocodiles just help their young to the water. The discovered fossils of dinosaurs sitting on their eggs and staying with their young suggest the parents were taking care of their babies, but we still cannot say that all dinosaurs did the same.

There is still a long way to go before the above questions could be answered. Dinosaur scientists will have to find more proof to reach an agreement.

1. 假设你是新华中学高二学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学并向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：

1）表示欢迎；

2）推荐他上哪所大学；

3）建议他做哪些准备工作。

注意：1）词数80左右；