Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.
Born in September, 1897, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Sévigné in Paris.
Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using Xray facilities (设备) to help save the lives of wounded soldiers. Irene continued the work by developing Xray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgium. Her services were recognised in the form of a Military Medal by the French government.
In 1918, Irene became her mother's assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taught him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926.Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.
Like her mother, Irene combined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity(辐射能) .Irene JoliotCurie died from leukemia on March 17,1956.
Economic growth for July through September fell to 9.6 percent in China, down from 10.3 percent in the second quarter.
Sheng Laiyun, a spokesman from China's National Bureau of Statistics, says the figures show a yearonyear increase of 10.6 percent, 2.5 percentage points higher than the same period last year.
The figures show the Chinese economy remains strong, and despite fears from many economists, is far from overheating.
The consumer price index rose 3.6 percent in September, up slightly from 3.5 percent in August.However, it remains well above the target for the year of 3 percent.
On Tuesday, the central bank raised interest rates, in a move many economists say was intended to gently cool the economy and get a firm control on inflation.
Jinny Yan, an economist Standard Chartered Bank, says she is happy to see that the Chinese economy is not overheating.
“A 9.6 percent growth is in our view much more sustainable and we think it is a healthy growth pace compared to the first quarter of this year,”she noted.“What it means is that the economy has now stabilized.It has recovered.Now it is more about concentrating on the other risks, for example inflation or asset price inflation in the economy.”
The interest rate increase and the slowing growth may ease pressure from overseas for China to allow its currency to appreciate.
Several countries, including the United States, complain that China's yuan is kept unfairly weak to give Chinese exports a market advantage.China says it will gradually adopt a more reasonable exchange rate policy, to keep its economy growing, but the yuan has strengthened only about 2.5 percent in recent months.
Many economists and international policy analysts have said they expect China to face new demands about the yuan when the leaders of the Group of 20 leading economies meet next month.
Notes:
①inflation n . 通货膨胀 ②sustainable adj.能保持的
③stabilize vi.稳定
Newspaper is not only the most common media in our daily life, but also the oldest technique in the field of message publication.It is very late to see the modern newspaper in China.Until the end of the 19th century, those newspapers published by the Chinese official agents or private expresses hadn't started to become more and more.The newspaper called “Stories inside and outside China”was first published by Weixin Faction, in 1895, the 21st year of Guangxu Era in Qing Dynasty.It is one of the most influential newspapers published by the Chinese at that time.
In fact, the Chinese“Dibao”is the earliest and oldest newspaper in the world.In the West Han epoch, in order to strengthen the Royal power, the Han government carried out the“Jun xian zhi”.Every eparch should set up its office in the capital Chang'an, which has the same function as the provincial office in Beijing now.These offices were called “Di”s.Officers are selected by the eparchial government which they are responsible for, and sent to the “Di”to collecting the messages announced by the administrative agents or even the empire, then writing them on the bamboo placard, and deliver them to their shire leaders via the early post station for reading.So these placards with information were called “Dibao”s.
The continuous enforcement of central royal power in ancient China has also brought the development of “Dibao” into a_full_bloom. Although the name of “Dibao” had been changed for many times in the period from the Han, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, to Qing Dynasty, its publication has never been interrupted.In addition to it, its essence and contents hadn't been changed a lot.
Notes:
①eparch n . 地方官 ②administrative adj.管理的;行政的 ③placard n . 布告
④shire n . 郡 ⑤essence n . 本质