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  • 1. (2024高一上·深圳期末) Which of the following words is formed in the same way as the word "snowstorm"?
    A . careless B . railway C . unhealthy D . Tourist
  • 1. (2024高三下·北京市)  阅读理解

    Most kids love breaks, but for Hannah Kristan, a break was her least favorite part of the school day. "I never got to do anything except sit there," she recalls.

    Hannah was born with a disease that kept the bones in her back from forming properly. She uses a wheelchair. Sadly, for kids like her, most playground equipment is off limits. In fact, Hannah is one of 5 million kids in the United States who cannot use traditional playground equipment because of some type of disability.

    Then Hannah heard about Boundless Playgrounds—playgrounds without limits for children with disabilities. The wonderful group behind Boundless Playgrounds helps communities create special playgrounds for children of all abilities. There are swings and sandboxes specially designed for kids with physical disabilities. Kids with vision problems can enjoy the movement of swings and also use musical activities such as chime walls. Since her hometown in Connecticut had nothing like it, Hannah helped raise money for this new kind of playground.

    The inspiration for Boundless Playgrounds was a playground created by Amy Jaffe Barzach. It is named Jonathan's Dream in honor of her son. Jonathan's Dream and many Boundless Playgrounds around the country have a glider swing that can be used by kids who use wheelchairs and their friends. The glider swing at Jonathan's Dream was designed by Matthew Cavedon, who wasn't even 10 years old at the time. Matthew was motivated because he used a wheelchair himself and wanted to be able to have fun at playgrounds with other kids, regardless of their physical abilities or disabilities.

    The basic idea behind Boundless Playground is that play is both part of the joy of childhood and an important way for children to learn about the world. Kids who are kept away from playgrounds are denied this enjoyment as well as the learning. Far from being a place of happy excitement, traditional playgrounds are often places of separation and loneliness for those who can't join in the fun.

    Contrary to some strict ideas about what a playground for children with special needs should be like, a Boundless Playground is every bit as colorful and challenging as a traditional playground. That's why it is inviting and fun for all children. And for Hanna, Matthew, and other kids like them, a playground like this is also a dream that comes true.

    1. (1) What did Hannah Kristan do? 
    2. (2) We can learn from the passage that Boundless Playgrounds ____. 
    3. (3) What is Hanna and Matthew's dream?
  • 1. (2024高三下·北京市)  任务型阅读

    Exam Anxiety

    Has this ever happened to you? You've been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes blank, your heart races fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe.

    Everyone feels stressed during exams. Usually, it results from a fear of failure, lack of adequate preparation time and bad experiences taking tests in the past. This is normal and often helps you work harder, think faster and generally improve your performance. You may also feel that other people are managing the exam better than you. This can cause you to feel that your mind has "gone blank" on information you know you have revised.

    Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don't review because they think they will do badly anyway and even miss exams due to the anxiety. It can also be really easy to think that if you don't try and then you fail, you won't feel as bad as if you fail after trying really hard.

    So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test? Yes, this seems obvious, but it's worth repeating. If you feel confident that you've prepared thoroughly, you'll feel more confident walking into the test. The second tip is simple: just start. The blank page can maximize your anxiety. You can always go back and change things later if needed, but a few quick answers can get the ball rolling. Besides, allocating(分配) your time is equally important. Look through the whole test before getting started. Mentally allocate how much time you'll spend on each section. If there's time to recheck, even better.

    A. The first thing you should do is to be prepared.

    B. People often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways.

    C. If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, you're not alone!

    D. Therefore, people need an appropriate amount of pressure to help deal with exams.

    E. Realizing time is almost up and that there's still a lot of blank space will make you desperate.

    F. However, if you are overly anxious about the result, you may be unable to focus on your work.

    G. After you get the paper, dive right in by getting some questions done to build up your confidence.

  • 1. (2024高三下·北京市)  阅读理解

    Dear Sir,

    There is a plan to build a new supermarket on the edge of the Whitefields housing estate(住宅区), on the land where the local library now is. I live at Whitefields, and I would like to express my concern about this plan. It is not that I am completely against the idea of building a supermarket—I just think that as a community(社区) we need to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages before committing ourselves.

    It is clear that the library is under-used and in poor condition. It is also clear that there are very few shops near here and a supermarket would be a good thing to have. But the people who want to build the supermarket seem to think that no one wants the library any more, and that it isn't a must because of the Internet and so on. Is this necessarily true, especially for elderly people? What about young people who don't have the Internet at home and need to go to the library to do their homework? Where can they study if they have to share a room with a younger brother or sister?

    On the other hand, there is an argument that a new supermarket would not only bring more choice of shopping and more convenience for local people, but it would also bring some much-needed jobs for younger people in the town—and this is a good point. What we need to do is consider the effect a supermarket will have on our quality of life. Certainly local people, including me, will find shopping a lot easier and more convenient. But there will also be extra traffic. In a few years from now, the roads in and around will be full of cars in the daytime and delivery lorries at night, and not only that—we will have got used to it, too. Are more jobs and more convenience worth such an influence on our daily lives? Perhaps, but this is what we have to ask ourselves.

    I believe that all the people of Whitefields, and the authority, need to discuss this question in an open-minded way—and I hope that by the time a decision is taken, we will have had a full and fair discussion of the issues involved, and that the local authority will have really listened to everyone's view. Is that too much to ask?

    Yours faithfully,

    Tom Watkins    

    1. (1) The supporters of the supermarket probably think ____. 
    2. (2) What does the underlined "it" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
    3. (3) What is the author's attitude toward the plan?
    4. (4) Why is the letter written? 
  • 1. (2024高三下·北京市)  语法填空

    An email invitation is an electronic means of sending an invite to a person or a group of people  (come) to a particular event. It is the technological version of sending an invitation  mail. Most people turn to this method because of various reasons. One of them is cost-effectiveness. Unlike the  (tradition) invitation, you have to spend a considerable amount of money to print invitations plus an additional cost to send them. By using formal email in PDF, all you need is a digital graphic print, typewritten words, and internet to send to everyone.

  • 1. (2024高三下·北京市)  阅读理解

    Science is finally beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered second-class citizens.

    As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even after months of separation. When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly later (and better) one. Healthy hens may aid friends, and mourn when those friends die.

    Pigs respond meaningfully to human symbols. When a research team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the O's. Then the team switched from real-life objects to T-shirts printed with X or O symbols. Still, the pigs walked only toward the O-shirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a two-dimensional format, a not-inconsiderable feat of reasoning.

    I've been guilty of prejudiced expectations, myself. At the start of my career almost four decades ago, I was firmly convinced that monkeys and apes out-think and out-feel other animals. They're other primates (灵长目动物), after all, animals from our own mammalian (哺乳动物的) class. Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning, and elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social companions. Long-term studies in the wild on these mammals helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedures in laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks.

    Over time, though, as I began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish, chickens, pigs, goats, and cows, I started to wonder: Will the new science of "food animals" bring an ethical(伦理的) revolution in terms of who we eat? In other words, will our ethics start to catch up with the development of our science? 

    Animal activists are already there, of course, committed to not eating these animals. But what about the rest of us? Can paying attention to the thinking and feeling of these animals lead us to make changes in who we eat? 

    1. (1) According to Annie Potts, hens have the ability of ____.
    2. (2) The research into pigs shows that pigs ____.
    3. (3) Paragraph 4 is mainly about ____.
    4. (4) What might be the best title for the passage? 
  • 1. (2024高三下·北京市)  阅读与表达

    Teenagers are learning new communication skills every day. It is important for them to have opportunities to network, or to meet and get to know new people. Online networking, which is very popular with teens today, makes short, superficial connections. But offline networking better encourages meaningful connections that will increase hope, develop skills, and open avenues to career opportunity. Teens need to practice more offline networking. It will prepare them to be confident face-to-face communicators in the real world.

    A survey of almost 7,000 teens was conducted in 2019 by three Swiss researchers, and they found that teens were spending too much time on social networking sites. So, they suggested that teens should spend more time with others in real life. It not only contributes to a stronger sense of identity and a happier mood, but also gives us the chance to share happiness with other people. In other words, offline networking seems to actually benefit a teen's emotional health.

    Face-to-face communication also gives teens an opportunity to learn to read people. Everyone communicates in person differently than communicating over the phone, through texting, or in online posts. Being face-to-face requires a person to think and respond more quickly—without the safety net of a delete key.

    And much of our communication is nonverbal anyway. Facial expressions, gestures, and vocal tones are just a few examples. Teens need to have face-to- face interactions so that they can learn to read these nonverbal cues(暗示),which are sometimes even more important than the words a person is saying. A time will come when the teen will need to enter the job market, and this usually means a face-to-face interaction, including interacting naturally with customers, hearing and understanding their words as well as their nonverbal cues in many different kinds of businesses.

    Offline networking is important because it can improve a teenager's wellbeing and help prepare him for the future. Thafs why every teen should spend time practicing real-world interactions.

    1. (1) What is the disadvantage of online networking?
    2. (2) What was the researchers suggestion to teens?
    3. (3) Read the following statement, underline the false part of it and explain the reason. 

      Hearing and understanding what a person is saying is necessarily involved in communication, so people get less from nonverbal expressions.

    4. (4) From paragraph 4, we know that much of the communication is nonverbal, so understanding nonverbal cues, such as facial expressions, gestures and vocal tones is also very important during interactions.  

      Please present what you can do to make effective face-to-face communication in your daily life.(about 40 words)

  • 1. (2024高三下·北京市)  完形填空

    Chad Turns delivers for UPS in the small town of Dauphin, and is beloved by his customers. As seen in a video posted to Facebook, when Turns drove into a parking lot for what he thought was a 1 up on Tuesday, he was greeted instead by a dozen residents clapping and yelling, "2 , Chad!" Turns was so overcome with emotion thwat he pulled out his handkerchief to wipe his 3 .

    "Turns is well-known for his thoughtfulness and 4 ," resident Jenny Shickley said, adding that he often leaves treats for their dogs when delivering packages. She organized the special event after people commented in a group Facebook post about what a(an) 5 job Turns was doing.

    She raised $1,000 for Turns in two weeks in the small town. The group gave him the generous gift with a large card signed by members of the 6 . Jenny said Turns had taken care of them for a year and they wanted to take care of him.

    "It is 7 that this community feels so strongly about me," Turns told the reporter. He said all UPS drivers deserve to be thanked in this way. He also added that he will pay it 8 by continuing to provide the good service that he is known for.

    "Chad is a great UPSer," UPS spokesperson Jackie Fajt said in a statement. "Celebrations like this really highlight the 9 our drivers have with their customer base. We appreciate that UPS drivers like Chad are being 10 for how they are moving our world forward."

    (1)
    A .  pick B .  check C .  warm D .  move 
    (2)
    A .  Watch out B .  Thank you C .  Cheer up D .  Help us
    (3)
    A .  eyes B .  nose C .  mouth D .  hands
    (4)
    A .  determination B .  courage C .  patience D .  kindness 
    (5)
    A .  new B .  easy C .  good D .  useful
    (6)
    A .  class B .  company C .  family D .  community 
    (7)
    A .  surprising B .  touching C .  interesting D .  challenging
    (8)
    A .  out B .  down C .  forward D .  off
    (9)
    A .  bond B .  problem C .  lesson D .  word 
    (10)
    A .  attracted B .  recognized C .  encouraged D .  adopted
  • 1. (2024高三下·北京市)  语法填空

    Levi Strauss was the first man to begin producing special, strong trousers for working people. He made these trousers from a fabric called "denim"—a tough fabric probably came from a town named Nimes in France. Many people now think the English word "denim"conies from the (France) words "de Nimes", which means "from Nimes". Later, Strauss added special metal buttons to the trousers to make them even (strong) and they immediately became very popular.

  • 1. (2024高三下·北京市)  阅读理解

    Norman Garmezy, a developmental psychologist at the University of Minnesota, met thousands of children in his four decades of research. A nine-year-old boy in particular stuck with him. He has an alcoholic mother and an absent father. But each day he would walk in to school with a smile on his face. He wanted to make sure that "no one would feel pity for him and no one would know his mother's incompetence." The boy exhibited a quality Garmezy identified as "resilience."

    Resilience presents a challenge for psychologists. People who are lucky enough to never experience any sort of adversity(逆境) won't know how resilient they are. It's only when they're faced with obstacles, stress, and other environmental threats that resilience, or the lack of it, comes out. Some give in and some conquer.

    Garmezy's work opened the door to the study of the elements that could enable an individual's success despite the challenges they faced. His research indicated that some elements had to do with luck, but quite large set of elements was psychological, and had to do with how the children responded to the environment. The resilient children had what psychologists call an "internal locus of control (内控点)." They believed that they, and not their circumstances, affected their achievements. The resilient children saw themselves as the arrangers of their own fates.

    George Bonanno has been studying resilience for years at Columbia University's Teachers College. He found that some people are far better than others at dealing with adversity. This difference might come from perception(认知) whether they think of an event as traumatic(创伤), or as an opportunity to learn and grow. "Stressful" or "traumatic" events themselves don't have much predictive power when it comes to life outcomes. "Exposure to potentially traumatic events does not predict later functioning," Bonanno said. "It's only predictive if there's a negative response." In other words, living through adversity doesn't guarantee that you'll suffer going forward.

    The good news is that positive perception can be taught. "We can make ourselves more or less easily hurt by how we think about things," Bonanno said. In research at Columbia, the neuroscientist Kevin Ochsner has shown that teaching people to think of adversity in different ways—to reframe it in positive terms when the initial response is negative, or in a less emotional way when the initial response is emotionally "hot"—changes how they experience and react to the adversity.

    1. (1) According to the passage, resilience is an individual's ability ____.
    2. (2) According to Paragraph 4, we can learn that ____.
    3. (3) What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?
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